V. I. Lenin
Eleventh Congress Of The R.C.P.(B.)[1]
March 27-April 2, 1922
Written: 16 March, 1922
First Published: 1925; Published according to the manuscript
Source: Lenin’s Collected Works, 2nd English Edition, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1965, Volume 33, pages 237-242
Translated: David Skvirsky and George Hanna
Transcription\HTML Markup: David Walters & R. Cymbala
Copyleft: V. I. Lenin Internet Archive (www.marx.org) 2002. Permission is granted to copy and/or distribute this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
First Published: 1925; Published according to the manuscript
Source: Lenin’s Collected Works, 2nd English Edition, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1965, Volume 33, pages 237-242
Translated: David Skvirsky and George Hanna
Transcription\HTML Markup: David Walters & R. Cymbala
Copyleft: V. I. Lenin Internet Archive (www.marx.org) 2002. Permission is granted to copy and/or distribute this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
1
Speech In Opening The Congress March 27
Speech In Opening The Congress March 27
[…]
Indeed, the sermons which...the Mensheviks and
Socialist-Revolutionaries preach express their true nature: 'The revolution has
gone too far. What you are saying now we have been saying all the time, permit
us to say it again.' But we say in reply: 'Permit us to put you before a firing
squad for saying that. Either you refrain from expressing your views, or, if
you insist on expressing your political views publicly in the present
circumstances, when our position is far more difficult than it was when the
white guards were directly attacking us, then you will have only yourselves to
blame if we treat you as the worst and most pernicious white guard elements.'
Žižek, “Repeating Lenin”
http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/ot/zizek1.htm
My personal experience is that practically all of the
“radical” academics silently count on the long-term stability of the American
capitalist model, with the secure tenured position as their ultimate
professional goal (a surprising number of them even play on the stock market).
If there is a thing they are genuinely horrified of, it is a radical shattering
of the (relatively) safe life environment of the “symbolic classes” in the
developed Western societies. Their excessive Politically Correct zeal when dealing
with sexism, racism, Third World sweatshops, etc., is thus ultimately a defense
against their own innermost identification, a kind of compulsive ritual whose
hidden logic is: “Let’s talk as much as possible about the necessity of a
radical change to make it sure that nothing will really change!”
[…]
Here are some details of the daily life of Lenin and the
Bolsheviks in 1917 and the following years, which, in their very triviality,
render palpable the gap from the Stalinist nomenklatura. When, in the
evening of 24 October 1917, Lenin left his flat for the Smolny Institute to
coordinate the revolutionary takeover, he took a tram and asked the conductress
if there was any fighting going on in the center that day. In the years after
the October Revolution, Lenin was mostly driving around in a car only with his
faithful driver and bodyguard Gil; a couple of times they were shot at, stopped
by the police and arrested (the policemen did not recognize Lenin), once, after
visiting a school in suburbs, even robbed of the car and their guns by bandits
posing as police, and then compelled to walk to the nearest police station.
When, on 30 August 1918, Lenin was shot, this occurred while he got in a
conversation with a couple of complaining women in front of a factory he just
visited; the bleeding Lenin was driven by Gil to Kremlin, were there were no
doctors, so his wife Nadezhda
Krupskaya suggested someone should run out to the nearest grocer’s
shop for a lemon... The standard meal in the Kremlin kantina in 1918
was buckwheat porridge and thin vegetable soup. So much about the privileges of nomenklatura!
[…]
the kernel of the Leninist “utopia” arises out of the ashes
of the catastrophe of 1914, in his settling of the accounts with the Second
International orthodoxy: the radical imperative to smash the bourgeois
state, which means the state AS SUCH, and to invent a new communal social form
without a standing army, police or bureaucracy,
in which all could take part in the administration of the social matters. This
was for Lenin no theoretical project for some distant future — in October 1917,
Lenin claimed that “we can at once set in motion a state apparatus constituting
of ten if not twenty million people."32 This
urge of the moment is the true utopia. One cannot overestimate the explosive
potential of The State and Revolution — in this book, “the vocabulary
and grammar of the Western tradition of politics was abruptly dispensed with.”33 What
then followed can be called, borrowing the title of Althusser’s
text on Machiavelli, la
solitude de Lenine: the time when he basically stood alone, struggling against
the current in his own party. When, in his “April Theses”
from 1917, Lenin discerned the Augenblick, the unique chance for a revolution,
his proposals were first met with stupor or contempt by a large majority of his
party colleagues. Within the Bolshevik party, no prominent leader supported his
call to revolution, and Pravda took
the extraordinary step of dissociating the party, and the editorial board as a
whole, from Lenin’s “April Theses” — far from being an opportunist flattering
and exploiting the prevailing mood of the populace, Lenin’s views were highly
idiosyncratic. Bogdanov characterized “April Theses” as “the delirium of a
madman,"34 and
Nadezhda Krupskaya herself concluded that “I am afraid it looks as if Lenin has
gone crazy."35
[…]
Today, Lenin appears as a figure from a different time-zone:
it’s not that his notions of the centralized Party, etc., seem to pose a
“totalitarian threat” — it’s rather that they seem to belong to a different
epoch to which we can no longer properly relate. However, instead of reading
this fact as the proof that Lenin is outdated, one should, perhaps, risk the
opposite conjecture: what if this impenetrability of Lenin is a sign that there
is something wrong with OUR epoch? What if the fact that we experience Lenin as
irrelevant, “out of sync” with our postmodern times, impart the much more
unsettling message that our time itself is “out of sync,” that a certain
historical dimension is disappearing from it?69
[…]
The greatness of Lenin is that he WASN’T AFRAID TO SUCCEED —
in contrast to the negative pathos discernible from Rosa Luxembourg to Adorno,
where the only authentic act is the true failure, the failure which brings to
light the antagonism of the constellation (what, apropos of Beethoven, Adorno
says about the two modes of the artistic failure — the unauthentic, due simply
to the authors subjective deficiency, and the authentic, which brings to light
the limitation of the very objective social constellation — bears also on his
own politics71).
In 1917, instead of waiting for the right moment of maturity, Lenin organized a
preemptive strike; in 1920, finding himself in a position of the leader of the
party of the working class with no working class (most of it being killed in
the civil war), he went on organizing a state, i.e. he fully accepted the
paradox of the party organizing-creating its base, its working class.
Nowhere is this greatness more palpable than in Lenin’s
writings of 1917, which cover the span from his initial grasp of the unique
revolutionary chance (first elaborated in the “Letters From Afar”) to the “Letter to
Central Committee Members,” which finally convinced the Bolshevik majority
that the moment to seize power has arrived. Everything is here, from “Lenin the
ingenious revolutionary strategist” to “Lenin of the enacted utopia” (of the
immediate abolishing of the state apparatuses). To refer to Kierkegaard, what
we are allowed to perceive in these writings is Lenin-in-becoming: not yet
“Lenin the Soviet institution,” but Lenin thrown into an OPEN situation. Are
we, within our late capitalist closure of the “end of history,” still able to
experience the shattering impact of such an authentic historical openness?
[…]
“I am a Leninist. Lenin wasn’t afraid to dirty his hands. If
you can get power, grab it”
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