Slavoj Žižek
The Czech-born writer Milan
Kundera once wrote an entire book about an atmosphere where one joke made in
bad taste can ruin your life. It's no joke now, as denouncing colleagues becomes
normal in the US.
Recently, the boffins at the
American Psychological Association (APA) proclaimed “traditional
masculinity” as toxic.
With no apparent shame, here
are the exact words they used: “Traits of so-called ‘traditional
masculinity,’ like suppressing emotions & masking distress, often start
early in life & have been linked to less willingness by boys & men to
seek help, more risk-taking & aggression - possibly harming themselves
& those with whom they interact.”
What makes this statement
really dangerous is the mixture of ideology and ostensibly neutral expertise: a
strong ideological gesture of excluding phenomena considered unacceptable is
presented as an impartial description of medical facts.
How can one not recall here
the notorious Serbsky institute in Moscow (thriving even now!) which, in the
Soviet years, was well known for categorizing dissidence as a form of mental
illness?
And exactly the same happens
when we designate masculinity as “toxic,” under the cover of medical
expertise. It amounts to the imposition of a new normativity, a fresh figure of
the enemy.
New Normal
Indeed, if, in the old days of
heterosexual normativity, homosexuality was treated as illness, it is now
masculinity itself which is medicalized and turned into a sickness to be
fought. Thus, all the references to power, patriarchy and oppression of women
cannot obfuscate the ideological brutality of the operation.
Plus, the fact the APA is
involved makes it clear we are not dealing with an excess of “Cultural
Marxism” because the APA is the psychological wing of the medical
establishment. So, we are talking about nothing less than a shift in the
mainstream ideological hegemony.
The contours of this shift
become clear the moment we take a closer look at the list of features supposed
to characterize “toxic masculinity”: suppressing emotions and masking
distress, unwillingness to seek help, a propensity to take risks even if this
involves a danger of self-harm.
Which raises the question:
what is so specifically “masculine” about this list?
Does it not fit much more as a
simple act of courage in a difficult situation where, to do the right thing,
you have to suppress emotions because you cannot rely on any help but take the
risk and act, even if this means exposing yourself to harm? Obviously, in our
age of Politically Correct conformism, such a stance poses a danger.
But What is replacing courage?
First Hand
A recent experience of mine
tells a lot in this respect. I was involved in defending a colleague against an
accusation from a graduate student that they had solicited unwanted intimacy
between the two.
What shocked me was the career
reference which was evoked to render non-problematic the behavior (of the
accuser, in this case). I don't know the accuser, I never met him and didn't
read anything written by him except his publicly available emails.
My point is: let's suppose all
he says is true – he was disgusted and oppressed etc. So why did he fully
reciprocate her messages and sometimes even heighten their emotional tone? His
repeated answer is a reference to his career, as if this were taken as a given.
Is this “justification by
career” really so self-evident? When I made this point, I was predictably
accused of not understanding how power functions in US academia – nothing could
be less true: from the 1970s when, after graduating, I was unemployed for years
(yes, for NOT being a Marxist) ‘til recent times, when I was almost exiled from
the US academia and public media because of my "problematic" positions
(critique of Political Correctness, etc.).
As a result, I was able to
observe how power works in all its guises. I don't expect people to be heroic,
I just think that there are certain limits, both professional (betraying one's theoretical
vocation – if one has it, that is to say) and private (writing passionate
emails to a person one finds disgusting, like the accuser did), that one should
not violate.
This is how “toxic
masculinity” is left behind in the new Politically Correct atmosphere
where one joke made in bad taste can ruin your career but ruthless careerism is
considered normal. A new universe of subtle corruption is thus emerging, in
which career opportunism and the lowest denouncing of colleagues presents
itself as high moralism.
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